On the Trail of the Elusive Fiddlehead Fern
The fleeting fiddlehead fern season is upon us, readers. All across the country, gourmands are eagerly descending upon farmer’s markets, food co-ops, and premium grocers in search of the slightly fuzzy, furled fern tips that taste a bit like asparagus. Cooked properly, the fiddlehead fern is bright green and tender, with a nice crisp bite.
Their name comes from the fact that the tightly coiled ferns resemble the curled end of a fiddle or a violin. Like their namesake, good fiddlehead ferns are expensive, stemming from the high production costs. Fiddlehead ferns are wild-harvested, mostly in the northeastern United States; they’re foraged for, rather than cultivated, and the expansive selection of similar-looking (yet inedible) wild ferns make proper foraging a difficult task requiring expertise. What you want is the ostrich fern tips, but what the inexperienced fern forager might come across is the nearly identical Bracken Fern, which is carcinogenic. So, seeing as how I neither live in the northeast nor do I have access to an “Edible Fern Field Guide,” I figured I’d just buy the ferns at a store. Grok would have disapproved, but whatever.
It turned out to be quite a task. Fiddlehead ferns are only available in any appreciable amount for two to three weeks per year. Before that, the coils haven’t developed yet, and after, the coils have already begun unfurling. A fiddlehead fern must be picked at exactly the right moment. Their quality also degrades quicker than most vegetables, making finding a good fiddlehead fern – especially in a faroff land like Southern California – pretty tough. I went to several farmer’s markets, even one stretching a few Santa Monica blocks that catered to chefs, and found nothing but blank stares. The local Trader Joe’s “had them last year,” but they were dry this year. Finally, having called a few Whole Foods, I found one that had some in stock. I rushed over, worried that I might have to fight for the last few scraps (but happy that I’d be redeemed in Grok’s eyes).
Luckily, there were two huge bins of fiddlehead ferns waiting for me. No resource war required. The quality wasn’t the greatest, certainly not as green or fresh as the ones I remembered eating in New England. Still, these were definitely fiddleheads, and I spent about fifteen minutes picking out the best ones of the bunch.
That reminds me: when you’re choosing fiddleheads, you absolutely want to exert some quality control over the proceedings. These things are expensive – I paid $19.99 per pound – and you should get your money’s worth. The closer you get to the region in which they’re picked, the less distance they have to travel, and the price gets commensurably lower. I was about as far away from the northeast as you could get and still be in the US, so I wasn’t too surprised at the price.
Look for tight coils and a bright, deep green color. Think compact and healthy. You’ll pretty much know it when you see it; just use your innate Grok senses. It’s best to cook them the same day you get them, but they’ll stay reasonably well covered in the fridge (although they will lose flavor rather quickly). Before you do, though, rinse them in cold water several times. Rub them lightly to get all the brown bits off. Do a few rinses until the water runs clear, then cut off any stems longer than two inches (the longer the stem, the more bitter it is).
The basic way to cook fiddleheads is to first blanch and then saute them. Boil some water. Once it’s roiling, toss in your ferns. Let the water return to a boil and set a timer for four minutes. Meanwhile, prepare an ice water bath. After four minutes of roiliing boiling, dunk your ferns into the ice bath. Blanching like this will get the cooking process started without giving up the attractive green color.
Dry your ferns and then toss into a pan with some butter or other Primal fat. Lightly fry them over medium heat for another four to five minutes, stirring occasionally. Keep sampling them as you approach the end; if you don’t cook them long enough, they’ll be bitter, but if you cook them for too long, they’ll be mealy. Once they’re ready, plate them and add a bit of sea salt and ground pepper. Maybe a squeeze of lemon, too. You can enjoy them as is, perhaps alongside some lamb or steak, or you can use them as a larger part of another recipe. In fact, you can usually use fiddlehead ferns in any recipe that calls for asparagus. Experiment with them, but quickly! Fiddlehead fern season is almost over.
I’ll be posting a recipe tomorrow. In the meantime, does anyone else have any experience with fiddlehead ferns?
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Posted By: Mark Sisson
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I live in Atlantic Canada which is one place they grow in abundance. We get them for about $3 a pound on the side of the road. If I were ambitious enough, I could go out to my in-law’s and probably find some on their land, but since I’m not sure which fern I’d be getting I’ve always left it to other brighter people.
I thought it would be worth mentioning that if Fiddle heads are uncooked, you CAN get food poisoning from them. I’m not sure how or why, but it’s happened to me on a couple occasions when I first out on my own and tried cooking them without my mother’s supervision (go figure).
In any case, these are DELICIOUS in a bath of butter. They’re probably one of my favorites, even with the food poisoning experiences.
Mark- so much for eating locally
I understand totally though – sometimes you just have to have a little East Coast seasonal goodness. I don’t blame you one bit!
Fiddleheads are great with ramps, another local specialty that crops up this time of year.
I just bought a pound of fiddleheads at my local farmers market earlier this week for $3.50/lb (but I’m in NYC). I’ve been steaming them, then tossing into an ice bath to halt the cooking process. Finished with fresh local sauteed garlic & butter, they are divine! Also wonderful with a little primal vice (raw milk gouda cheese) & local eggs in an omelet. Or tossed into a salad.
Ah, good ‘ol New England. My in-laws used to pick and enjoy fiddleheads back in the day. I think they enjoyed it many ways, but a favorite was a fiddlehead stew.
Never heard of them. Sounds delicious, but at $20/lb. it will probably be a while.
Oh well. I can’t convince the kids that asparagus actually tastes good so I probably wouldn’t have much better luck with ferns.
In southern Ontario there has been a guy successfully farming them for the last few years. Although, I believe he still had to run a pretty wild grown farm to do it, not sure how.
There was an article on him last spring.
Here’s a link to an article about the farming operation that Tammy mentioned : http://www.edibletoronto.com/content/pages/articles/spr09/whatsInSeason.pdf
And from the article re: storing fiddleheads at home…
Since fiddleheads like wet, cool conditions,
the best way to store them fresh at home is in a container of water in the
fridge. If the water is changed every few days, the fiddleheads will last
a month. When ready to eat, just trim the ends and prepare in your
favourite recipe.
Yummy – I especially like them steamed with a splash of vinegar. Oh and I live in Atlanitic Canada as well so they are availble at $1.99/ pound. I don’t think that I would pay $19.99/pound. — Sorry Mark, but thats Crazy.
doh! so THAT’s what i can do with those ferns that are taking over the garden. too bad they’ve already leafed out now… maybe next year.
Never tried them – might have to on my next trip to the east coast. Thanks for always making sure us readers know there are a lot of options out there when going Primal!
Mark, I’m an Atlantic Canadian as well and I remember fiddleheads as a child. Another local delicacy was Samphire Greens. They are a marsh grass that is common in the area, and also in the UK. I guess they are best steamed but we used to just pick them and eat them raw.
http://www.farmersmarketreport.com/2005/08/samphire-greens.asp
I’m in Vermont and my in-laws have a patch of ostrich ferns in their yard that we pick from every year. I see them in stores for about $3.99/lb.
I like them sauteed in butter or olive oil with just a little salt, and maybe some chopped walnuts thrown in at the end as well.
I tried these myself the other week. So delicious! I also just simply sauteed them in a pan until they were slightly browned and tender with just a hint of a bite left. Flavored with garlic and fresh herbs, they were wonderful! Yum!
Here’s the link to how I did it. http://www.thenourishinggourmet.com/2009/04/wild-garlicky-fiddlehead-ferns-my-answer-to-gmos.html
Growing up in upstate NY, my mom and a neighboring mom (both very interested in all facets of ferns) would take us kids out into the woods while they gathered fiddleheads. I loved the wood outings but didn’t appreciate the fiddleheads at the time (I doubt they wanted to share their bounty with us anyway). Who knew I’d later appreciate the hunter-gatherer philosophy so much!
I think in Ohio, we’re a little bit far to get really fresh ferns, but since they taste similar to asparagus, I’ll just stick with the asparagus still popping up in the corner of our garden.
I just got a huge batch from a friend, who picked them at his place — actually, now that I think about it, I’m not sure if it’s his place in Connecticut, where I am, or his place in Maine, where he was on vacation. In any case, he vacuum-packed them, and we’re going to eat them up tonight, prepared as you suggest.
Thanks!
Ellie
If you like fiddleheads, please at least once try them with a bit of white vinegar (after you sautée and salt them).
I’ve never gone back after trying them that way. It’s also a great way to eat asparagus.
I’m so glad I read this! There have been fiddleheads in the bin next to the green beans at my local store for a couple of weeks and I’ve wondered what they were. I live in Providence, RI, so it makes sense that we would have them. I’ll have to go pick some up before they’re gone.
(Just listened to your interview on Dr. Fitness and the Fat Guy and thought I would check out your blog. Great information!)
When i was in norther India, in a small village called Patlikuhl. Me and my friend go to pick up in himalaya hills, during peddlehead season, we find so many grown all over. It is all free. We bring it home and my mom cook, it is so delicious but since i moved to usa. I never get a chance to eat those.