And what population density of humans do these huge flocks support? A few hundred thousand across a huge desert country like Saudi Arabia? I'm not arguing that you can't grow food in desert areas--but these methods are extremely marginal compared to the density of food that can be produced via agriculture in wetter, more fertile areas, and therefore have a negligible effect on feeding the world population.
If a Bedouin lifestyle could feed the kind of population density we see in modern oil-fed countries, then there would be that many Bedouins. But it can't, and there aren't.
These areas are already populated with people living this lifestyle at the subsistence level. Pastoralism in arid regions is a great way to supply a subsistence diet to a small, low-density population. If it could feed more people, it already would be.
The bottom line is you just can't produce more meat and milk than the region's plant biomass will support. This is true everywhere, unless you artificially increase plant yield by irrigation and fertilization--which brings you right back to the original problem of reliance on fossil fuels for growing food. I'm also not willing to say that we have the right to displace or hunt to extinction the huge herds of wild grazers that already occupy those grasslands not being actively managed by humans, just to feed more of us.



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