Information from the Powhatans of the Virginia Coastal Plain reveals that, in addition to walnut and bitter pecan, several unidentified species of hickory nut were eaten (Rountree 1989:53). A medicinal oil was derived from one kind of hickory nut while another kind was used to make powhicora, an important drink. In processing the nut for consumption in meals, the nuts were first dried and broken up with stones, after which they were dried again on a mat that was placed over a hurdle. This material was then beaten finer in a mortar. Water was added to make the shell sink to the bottom. The mixture was then boiled until thick and squash was sometimes added (Smith 1986a:152-153; Strachey 1953:121, 129).